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Three Terraces: Gazing at Pear Blossoms and Crabapple Flowers

Pear blossoms catch the fading night, crabapple buds drink morning rain;
Spring floods the inner palace gates, where hidden streams reach southward plain.
The eastern wind grows still and mild, and golden willow threads hang low;
Imperial watchtowers rise afar, through drifting mist and radiant glow.
An age of grace, from court to field, rejoicing fills the thoroughfare;
Peace echoes deep in flutes and drums across the capital's vast square.

The orioles break their liquid song, and swallows dip upon the breeze;
By emerald pools and painted eaves, swings hang beneath the weeping trees.
Fair maidens gather fragrant herbs in pairs beside the winding stream;
With wine-cups chilled and sugar sweets, they walk the paths in vernal dream.
At dusky dusk on carved-wood saddles, riders urge their prancing steeds,
While drunken robes catch falling blooms and flying catkins as they speeds.

Now gentle warmth and lingering chill prolong the water-clock's deep sound,
While clouds of half-sun, half-shade rest upon the quiet evening ground.
The Cold Food festival arrives, new makeup graces every face;
The vernal year attains at last its most enchanting, perfect place.
At Qingming festival we watch the Han palace candles passed around,
While emerald smoke drifts softly down where great ancestral gates are found.
The guards withdraw, the golden gates swing wide to greet the closing day,
And imperial edicts cease at last as rest relieves the sovereign's sway.
見梨花初帶夜月,海棠半含朝雨。
內苑春、不禁過青門,御溝漲、潛通南浦。
東風靜、細柳垂金縷。
望鳳闕、非煙非霧。
好時代、朝野多歡,遍九陌、太平簫鼓。
乍鶯兒百囀斷續,燕子飛來飛去。
近綠水、臺榭映鞦韆,鬥草聚、雙雙遊女。
餳香更、酒冷踏青路。
會暗識、夭桃朱戶。
向晚驟、寶馬雕鞍,醉襟惹、亂花飛絮。
正輕寒輕暖漏永,半陰半晴雲暮。
禁火天、已是試新妝,歲華到、三分佳處。
清明看、漢宮傳蠟炬。
散翠煙、飛入槐府。
斂兵衛、閶闔門開,住傳宣、又還休務。
jiàn lí huā chū dài yè yuè, hǎi táng bàn hán zhāo yǔ.
nèi yuàn chūn, bù jīn guò qīng mén, yù gōu zhǎng, qián tōng nán pǔ.
dōng fēng jìng, xì liǔ chuí jīn lǚ.
wàng fèng què, fēi yān fēi wù.
hǎo shí dài, cháo yě duō huān, biàn jiǔ mò, tài píng xiāo gǔ.
zhà yīng ér bǎi zhuàn duàn xù, yàn zi fēi lái fēi qù.
jìn lǜ shuǐ, tái xiè yìng qiū qiān, dòu cǎo jù, shuāng shuāng yóu nǚ.
táng xiāng gèng, jiǔ lěng tà qīng lù.
huì àn shí, yāo táo zhū hù.
xiàng wǎn zhòu, bǎo mǎ diāo ān, zuì jīn rě, luàn huā fēi xù.
zhèng qīng hán qīng nuǎn lòu yǒng, bàn yīn bàn qíng yún mù.
jìn huǒ tiān, yǐ shì shì xīn zhuāng, suì huá dào, sān fēn jiā chù.
qīng míng kàn, hàn gōng chuán là jù.
sàn cuì yān, fēi rù huái fǔ.
liǎn bīng wèi, chāng hé mén kāi, zhù chuán xuān, yòu hái xiū wù.
Seeing pear blossoms first bearing the night moon, crabapples half holding morning rain.
Inner court spring, unable to forbear passing the green gate, imperial moat swells, secretly connecting to the southern shore.
East wind quiet, slender willows hang gold threads.
Gazing at the phoenix watchtowers, neither smoke nor mist.
Good era, court and wild much joy, throughout the nine alleys, peaceful flutes and drums.
Suddenly orioles a hundred turns broken and continuous, swallows fly hither and thither.
Near green water, pavilions reflect swings, gathering to contend in herb-games, pairs upon pairs of wandering girls.
Malt-sugar fragrance renewed, wine cold on the tomb-sweeping road.
Meeting secretly, knowing peach blossoms at the vermilion doors.
Toward evening galloping, precious horses and carved saddles, drunken lapels tangled with falling flowers and flying catkins.
Just when light cold and light warmth make the water-clock long, half cloudy and half clear evening clouds.
Forbidden fire day, already trying new makeup, year's splendor reaching, three-parts fine place.
Qingming viewing, Han palace passing wax torches.
Scattering emerald smoke, flying into the prime minister's mansion.
Gathering soldiers and guards, the celestial gates open, halting imperial proclamations, once again returning to rest from affairs.

I. Formal Poetic Architecture & Meter

This masterpiece belongs to the Song Ci lyric genre, composed under the double-body tune pattern entitled San Tai (Three Terraces). The lyric layout unfolds across an expansive structure of multiple stanzas, alternating between concise, swift three-character and four-character phrases and flowing seven-character lines. This metrical variety mirrors the shifting rhythms of capital life during the spring festival. The rhyme scheme shifts fluidly across stanzas, capturing the transitions from nocturnal stillness to bustling diurnal festivity, and finally to the solemn ritual evening of the Qingming festival.

II. Historical Chronology & Existential Impulse

Created during the Northern Song Dynasty, this lyric reflects the peak of urban prosperity, aesthetic refinement, and ceremonial culture in the imperial capital of Bianjing. The text captures the annual rhythm of the Qingming and Cold Food festivals, moments when courtly ritual intersected with widespread public celebration. Moqi Yong masterfully synthesizes panoramic views of imperial architecture with intimate vignettes of urban citizens, court officials, and wandering maidens, anchoring the poem in an era of exquisite cultural flourishing.

III. Line-by-Line Exegesis & Allusion Decoding

The lyric unfolds as a grand cinematic scroll, moving outward from private palace gardens to the bustling capital streets, and culminating in twilight court rituals.

  • Lines 1-4 (Opening Couplet): The lyric opens with exquisite nocturnal and dawn imagery, contrasting the moonlight on pear blossoms with morning rain upon crabapple buds near the inner palace.
  • Lines 5-8 (First Antithetical Turn): The perspective expands outward to spring waters swelling through imperial moats, quiet willows, and towering palace gates amid an era of universal peace.
  • Lines 9-16 (Second Antithetical Turn / Climax): The poem transitions into vibrant genre scenes of capital life, depicting swinging maidens, herb-gathering contests, and aristocratic horsemen returning through falling catkins.
  • Closing Lines (Resolving Couplet): The lyric concludes with the solemn ritual of the Qingming candle-passing ceremony derived from Han dynasty history, followed by the closing of the celestial gates as official duties halt for the holiday.

IV. Cultural Symbolism & Key Metaphors

The poem is rich with traditional cultural tokens that evoke the emotional and seasonal texture of traditional Chinese civilization:

  • Pear Blossoms and Crabapples: Classic emblems of fleeting vernal beauty, feminine grace, and melancholy awareness of time passing.
  • Qingming and Cold Food Rituals: Markers of ancestral remembrance, seasonal renewal, and the transition from winter prohibition of fire to the rekindling of new springtime flames.

V. Philosophical Core & Global Resonance

The philosophical heartbeat of this lyric lies in its meditation on the passage of time, the grand intersection of cyclical natural rhythms with human ritual, and the poignant contrast between bustling public joy and individual transience. By capturing both the magnificent scale of the imperial capital and the delicate scent of wine and falling petals, Moqi Yong achieves a universal resonance regarding humanity's celebration of spring amidst the relentless flow of history.

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